Apparatus for extracting paraffine from oils



{NoModeLv zsheets-sheen 1z R. A. WILLIAMS 85 J BRAGG.

APPARATUS POR BXTRACTING PAEAFPINE PRUM OILS.

10,317,060 Patented May 5, v1885.

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R. A. WILLIAMS 8v J. BRAGG.

APPARTUS POR EXTRAGTING PARAPPINE FROM OIL-S.V No. 317,060. Patented May 5, 1885.

N. PETERS Phmwlimograpmr. wuhingtgn. no

UNITE STATES PATENT ROBERT A. WILLIAMS AND JOHN BRAGG, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING PARAFFINE FROIVl OILS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,060, dated May 5, 1885.

Application filed December 8, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that we, ROBERT A.W1LLrAMs and JOHN BRAGG, of Cleveland, Cuyahoga county, and State of Ohio, have jointly in- 5 vented a certain Improved Apparatus for Extracting Parafne from Oils, of which the following is a specification.

The special use of the said apparatus and process is for chilling or freezing para'fiinized oils ro for extracting therefrom paraffine.

The construction of the apparatus and the practical operation thereof with reference to the Vprocess are described in the following specication, and illustrated in the annexed drawings, making part of the same.

Figure 1 represents a-vertical transverse sectional view ofthe apparatus. Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the apparatus, a portion of the cover of which is represented as broken zo away that certain interior parts of the apparatus may be seen.

Like letters denote like parts in the drawings. As shown in thedrawings, A represents a cylindrical-shape tank, preferably made of wood, of any desirable holding capacity. B is the cover, and C the bottom.

Vertically and centrally through the tank passes a tubular shaft, D, the foot of which has its bearing in the step E, forming a por- 3o tion of a stuffing-box, F, through which the shaft passes, and by which it is made tight in connection with the conductor G, passing through the bottom of the tank, as seen in Fig.- 1. In said figure it will be observed that the upper end of the conductor G terminates in a cylinder-case, H, fixed centrally in the tank A, but not in open communication therewith. Said case is preferably made of sheet metal and of the shape shown, substantially o as seen in the drawings. It will be noticed that the bottom of the case II is dishing, and opens into the conductor G, the outlet of the case. The upper end of the tubular shaft D projects through the top of the tank A, and

is made close-fitting in its relation therewith by means of a stuffing-box, I, which is or may be like those in ordinary use.

J is a crown-wheel secured to the shaft D, and by which the shaft is revolved by the 5o wheel engagement with the pinion K on the shaft L, having its bearings in the standards M. The shaft is operated by the pulleys N, to which power is applied by a belt. (Not shown.)

To the tubular shaft D above alluded to is secured a hollow freezer, O, in shape similar to the case H, and inclosed-thereby, as seen in Fig. 1, in which it will be noticed that between the said case and the freezer is a considerable space for a purpose hereinafter shown. The said freezer O is preferably made of sheet metal, and is in open communication with the tubular shaft by means of an induction-aperture, ci, and one eduotion-aperture, b, respectively on the sides of the dividing plate or parvtition l?, so that the two openings or ports have not a direct communication one with the other, but indirectly through the freezer O, as hereinafter shown.

Q is a dish secured to the tubular shaft, and` R is a tube penetrating the top of the tank and terminating in communication with the4 dish Q.

S is an adjustable scraper adapted to t the upper surface of the freezer, and to which it is adj usted more or less distant therefrom by the lever T, to which the scraper is attached by the rod U, working in a stuffing-box that it may be close-fitting in its passage through the top of the tank. A is also a scraper 8o adapted to the surface of the case H. Said scraper is secured to the tubular shaft and revolves with it.

In the conductor G above referred to is a spiral conveyer, B, Eig. l, surrounding the tubular shaft D, and revolves therewith.

C is a pipe leading from a vessel, D', containing a refrigerant fluid, to the tubular shaft, in the upper end of which shaft it terminates, as seen at E in Fig. l.

From the pipe C proceeds a pipe, E', down to the bottom of the tank A, into which itprojects and extends therein near to the center. Said pipeF is in open communication with the tank A by means of the perforations c in 95 the side of the pipe, as seen in the drawings.

G is a pipe the upper end of which is in open relation with the upper end or top of the tank A, whereas the opposite end of the said pipe terminates in a receiving-tank, H. Said 10o pipe G' is also in open relation with the tubular shaft D by means of lthe interposed connection J'.

Having described the construction and arrangement of the aforesaid apparatus, its Operation is substantially as follows: The tank A is charged With a refrigerant fluid of any suitable nature from the vessel D',Which flows by gravity therefrom into the tank through the pipe F' (seen in Fig. l) and perforations c. The refrigerant flows from the tank through the eduction-pipe G', and is discharged into the receiving-tank H', from which it is again returned by a pump (not shown in the drawings) to the vessel D', or otherwise disposed of. By this means is established a current of refrigerant fluid through the tank, in which fluid the case H is Wholly immersed, and thereby reduced to a low and constant degree of temperature, and not materiallyinfluenced by the eX- ternal air, or being Wholly surrounded by the refrigerant-fluid in the tank A, as above mentioned. The freezer O is also filled with the refrigerant fluid, the iiuid passing from the vessel D' through the pipe C', and discharges into the end of the tubular shaft, down which it iioWs to the port a and enters the freezer. The refrigerant escapes from the freezer through the eduction-port b into the tubular shaft D on the opposite side of the partition P, and iiows down it to the pipe G', thence to the receiving-tank H', and is returned to the vessel D' along With the fluid from the tank A, above referred to. From the above it will be obvious that a current of refrigerant fluid is established through the freezer, which, as in the former instance, is reduced to a 10W degree of temperature, and for being inclosed in the case H, and the case immersed in the refrigerant fluid contained in the tank A, as above described. The freezer, not being in direct con- Vtact with the external atmosphere, is but little iniiuenced thereby, so that the parafline-oil when discharged upon the freezer is immediately chilled or frozen, for the purpose speciiied. The oil to be chilled is conveyed into the freezer by the induction oil-pipe R put in communication with an oil-tank. (Not shown in the drawings.) Said tank is so situated that the oil will iiow therefrom by gravity and discharge into the dish Q, before mentioned. Vhile the oil is discharging into the dish Q the tubular shaft is revolved by the mechanism above described. With the shaft revolves the freezer O, and also the dish Q. From said dish the oil, by centrifugal force, is spread over the surface of the freezer, upon which it is immediately chilled or frozen. The frozen material is removed therefrom by the scraper S, which is pushed down into the frozen oil by the lever T from time to time, as the accumulation of the chilled oil upon the surface of the freezer may require, for its removal. The scraper may be allowed to remain in one position near the surface of the freezer, and thereby scrape off the chilled oil continu- ,induction and eduction ously. The material thus scraped from the surface of the freezer O falls upon the inclined bottom of the case H, and that it may not lodge there it is scraped therefrom into the conductor G by the scraper A', and that it may not iill up and choke the passage-Way 0f the conductor it is forced down by the spiral conveyer B' to the chute K', from which it is taken and prepared for the press for expressing the oil from the frozen mass in the usual Way.

It will be obvious from the above that the oil in its passage through the apparatus is subjected to the influence of several chillingsurfaces, first, upon the surface of the freezer O, upon Which it falls, and also from the chilling influence of the top of the case, and when the chilled mass is scraped off from the freezer it falls upon the cold freezing-surface of the bottom of the case H, and at the same time continued under the chilling iniuence of the bottom of the freezer, so that the material is thoroughly chilled or frozen on leaving the apparatus, Which is kept from being Warmed by the large body of refrigerant in the tank A, Which is constantly being renewed Without stopping the Working of the apparatus for that purpose, as the freezing of the oil and supplying the same to the freezer is automatically and constantly performed,- hence there is no loss of time by delay in Working the apparatus.

What We claim as our improvement,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In an apparatus for chilling or freezing oils, the combination of the tankA A, the case H, constructed in the form described, the revolving freezer O, having its top and bottom dishcd and attached to the tubular shaft D, having the induction and eduction ports a and I), separated by the partition P, and the refrigerant-conductor C', substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The induction refrigerant-pipes C' and F', arranged in relation to and in combination with the tubular shaft, and refrigeranttank A, and supplying refrigerant-vessel D', substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The refrigerant eduction pipe G', arranged in relation to the refrigerant-tank A, outlet J', of the tubular shaft and receivingtank H', pipes C' and F', for the purpose specified, and substantially as described.

4. An apparatus for freezing or cooling oils, consisting of tank A, case H, revolving freezer O, secured to the tubular shaft D, having the ports a and I), separated by the partition P, S, and interior scraper, A', the spiral conductor B', the oil-supply pipe R, and saucer Q, induction-pipes C' and F', eduction-pipe G', outlet-pipe J', and reservoir H', all constructed and combined substantially as and fof the purpose described.

5. An apparatus for freezing oils, consisting of a refrigerant-tank, A, casev H, having the exterior scraper,

IOO`

therein a horizontally revolving freezer se- In testimony whereof We ax our signatures cured to a tubular shaft provided with inducin presence of two Witnesses. tion and eduction ports separated from each other by apartition, P, adjustable scraper S, ROBERT A. WILLIAMS.

5 and revolving scraper A', arranged in rela- JOHN BRAGG.

tion to the spiral conveyer, oil-induction pipe R, refrigerant induction pipes C F', and Witnesses:

eduction refrigerantpipe Gr', constructed and J. H. BURRIDGE, arranged to co-operate substantially as de- W. H. BURRIDGE.

1o scribed, and for the purpose specified. 

